See -al on Wiktionary
{
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{
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"word": "-ical"
}
],
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"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
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},
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"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ar",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of -ar",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
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{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
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]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-arial",
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]
}
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
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},
{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-ure"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "-y"
}
],
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "26 34 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"text": "base + -al → basal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cranium + -al → cranial",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "spine + -al → spinal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to. Adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to produce an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also."
],
"id": "en--al-en-suffix-woLJP8Qb",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "32 31 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 42 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 40 33",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "29 39 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "arousal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "arrival"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "bestowal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "betrothal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "denial"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "disposal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
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},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "rental"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "rival"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "reversal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "removal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "subdual"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "submittal"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 93",
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "transmittal"
}
],
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{
"text": "propose + -al → proposal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "deny + -al → denial",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bestow + -al → bestowal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns, especially of verbal action."
],
"id": "en--al-en-suffix-4DqBHm7G",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/əl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[l̩]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɫ̩]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--al.wav",
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}
],
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}
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{
"args": {
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"2": "aldehyde"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from aldehyde",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
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},
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}
],
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "27 40 33",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 39 32",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 28 38",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 34 40",
"kind": "other",
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],
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],
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"links": [
[
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"organic chemistry"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
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"(organic chemistry) Forms the names of aldehydes."
],
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"morpheme"
],
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"physical-sciences"
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{
"code": "da",
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"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "nl",
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"sense": "aldehyde",
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},
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"code": "gl",
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"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "hu",
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"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
}
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/æl/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "-al",
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],
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{
"text": "pessimen (“currant”) → pessimenal (“currants”)"
},
{
"text": "wôbigen (“it is white”) → wôbigenal (“they are white”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words."
],
"id": "en--al-abe-suffix-Z3178Tw7",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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}
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{
"args": {
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"3": "I"
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}
],
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{
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{
"parts": [
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}
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{
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to)"
],
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"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"epicene",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈal]"
},
{
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}
],
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}
],
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"text": "peruyu (“wild pear”) + -al → peruyal (“pear tree”)"
},
{
"text": "nuez (“walnut”) + -al → nozal (“walnut tree”)"
},
{
"text": "ablana (“chestnut”) + -al → ablanal (“chestnut tree”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree (forms names of trees)"
],
"id": "en--al-ast-suffix-UQEOsH6s",
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
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],
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}
],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
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},
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}
],
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{
"text": "estructura (“structure”) + -al → estructural (“structural”)",
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}
],
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{
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "-al",
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]
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
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"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
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"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alen",
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"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aler",
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"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-als",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-als",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "da-suffix"
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
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{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "-alernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "-alers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "-alens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "-als",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "-alerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "-aler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "-alen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "-al"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "-alernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "-alers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "-alets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "-als",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "-alerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "-aler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "-alet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "-al"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-al, of or pertaining to; forming an adjective from a noun"
],
"id": "en--al-da-suffix-AWf-Pbr9",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "da:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"id": "en--al-da-suffix-eeqFMa7t",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"word": "-isk"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"word": "-lig"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 79",
"word": "-som"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"id": "en--al-nl-suffix-eeqFMa7t",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oxo-"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑl/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl--al.ogg",
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],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto correlatives",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "for another reason",
"translation": "for another reason",
"word": "alial"
},
{
"english": "for every reason",
"translation": "for every reason",
"word": "ĉial"
},
{
"english": "for any/some reason",
"translation": "for any/some reason",
"word": "ial"
},
{
"english": "for what reason, why",
"translation": "for what reason, why",
"word": "kial"
},
{
"english": "for no reason",
"translation": "for no reason",
"word": "nenial"
},
{
"english": "for that reason, therefore",
"translation": "for that reason, therefore",
"word": "tial"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for … reason (ending for correlatives of reason)"
],
"id": "en--al-eo-suffix-u3ydKzny",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-al/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "-sal"
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-al",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-al"
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -al",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -el",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -al, from Old French -al, borrowed from Latin -ālis. Doublet of -el, which is inherited. The masculine plural in -x comes from the letter's usage as a ligature to abbreviate -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-aux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ale, masculine plural -aux, feminine plural -ales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al; appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form; often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also"
],
"id": "en--al-fr-suffix-bGljoSph",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--al.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pertaining to, using; adjectival suffix appended to nouns"
],
"id": "en--al-de-suffix-xJg8Xt2f",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[aːl]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--al.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "De--al.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/De--al.ogg"
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],
"word": "-al"
}
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{
"args": {
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"2": "-a-",
"3": "-l",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a- (linking vowel) + -l (verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -a- (linking vowel) + -l (verb-forming suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "szárny (“a wing”) + -al → szárnyal (“to soar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form a verb."
],
"id": "en--al-hu-suffix-ELPwmMyu",
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "von (“to pull”) + -al → vonal (“line”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb to form a noun. No longer productive in this role."
],
"id": "en--al-hu-suffix-1ybkNjHZ",
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun. No longer productive in this role."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "hu",
"name": "Organic chemistry",
"orig": "hu:Organic chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "ethanal",
"text": "etanal",
"translation": "ethanal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al (forms the names of aldehydes)"
],
"id": "en--al-hu-suffix-DjV00iCU",
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al (forms the names of aldehydes)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɒl]"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "quc",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "K'iche'",
"lang_code": "quc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tew (“cold”) + -al → tewal (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "k’ak’ (“new”) + -al → k’ak’al (“youngster”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adjectives"
],
"id": "en--al-quc-suffix-cxWTFLCX",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "mujaj (“to shade”) + -al → mujaj (“shadow”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "q’ebaj (“to go across”) + -al → q’ebal (“large earthen jar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from -aj verb suffix"
],
"id": "en--al-quc-suffix-kp38Iuz9",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"-aj",
"-aj#K'iche'"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nojim (“slowly”) + -al → nojimal (“slowness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "nabe (“firstly”) + -al → nabeal (“firstborn”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adverbs"
],
"id": "en--al-quc-suffix-LVawLaQb",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adverbs",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "27 31 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "k’o’x (“gourd cup”) + -al → k’o’xal (“shell of a dead animal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "süb (“tamalito of corn”) + -al → sübal (“pot for making tamales”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from nouns"
],
"id": "en--al-quc-suffix-m-uRPznZ",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aːl/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "nominative"
},
"expansion": "nominative",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "neuter"
},
"expansion": "neuter",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
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"expansion": "singular",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From the recurrent substantivation of apocopated adjectives in -āle, the nominative neuter singular ending of -ālis. Compare the nominal suffixes -ārium, -ium and -cum (among others), all derived from the neuter stem of adjective-forming suffixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ālis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-al<3>"
},
"expansion": "-al n (genitive -ālis); third declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-al<3.N>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter suffixes in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming suffix"
],
"id": "en--al-la-suffix-QvcxVryJ",
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlp",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lepontic",
"lang_code": "xlp",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌀𐌋"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lepontic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of -𐌀𐌋"
],
"id": "en--al-xlp-suffix-yBgNlCTv",
"links": [
[
"-𐌀𐌋",
"-𐌀𐌋#Lepontic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"morpheme",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-aal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch -aal",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "English -al",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch -aal and English -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـل",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ـل"
},
"expansion": "-al (Jawi spelling ـل)",
"name": "ms-suffix"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"english": "conventional",
"text": "konvensional",
"translation": "conventional",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"id": "en--al-ms-suffix-eeqFMa7t",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-əl]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-al]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Extracted from goaill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "-al f",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 2 1 3 4 5 8 4 4 4 2 2 2 3 15 10 2 0 1 4 4 6 6 5 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 1 0 3 4 5 7 5 4 3 1 1 1 2 17 11 1 0 1 4 4 6 7 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 3 1 4 6 6 6 26 16 4 0 2 6 6 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 35 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form verbal nouns"
],
"id": "en--al-gv-suffix-Hc7eGgQL",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Extracted from goaill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "v"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "yiarn (“iron”) + -al → yiarnal (“to iron”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "post (“post”) + -al → postal (“to post”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used productively to form denominative verbs and their associated verbal nouns"
],
"id": "en--al-gv-suffix-zMbXxi5P",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "mga",
"3": "-amail"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish -amail",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-úil"
},
"expansion": "Irish -úil",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "-ail"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic -ail",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-amail"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -amail",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish -amail (compare Irish -úil, Scottish Gaelic -ail, -eil), from Old Irish -amail.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An adjectival suffix applied to various words, usually nouns, to make an adjective."
],
"id": "en--al-gv-suffix-p89FSwpU",
"links": [
[
"adjectival",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ee"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:-al<id:forming adjectives>",
"4": "fro:-el<id:adjective>",
"5": "la:-ālis<id:adjectivizing suffix>",
"id": "adjectival suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French -al",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French -al, -el and its source Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-elle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from Latin and Romance vocabulary."
],
"id": "en--al-enm-suffix-MRiqtBn-",
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly not productive) Forms adjectives from Latin and Romance vocabulary."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-al/",
"note": "from Old French -al and Latin -ālis"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɛl/",
"note": "from Old French -el"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "umu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Munsee",
"lang_code": "umu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Munsee entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "síipuw (“river”) → siipúwal (“rivers”)"
},
{
"text": "máxkeew (“it is red”) → maxkéewal (“they are red”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words."
],
"id": "en--al-umu-suffix-Z3178Tw7",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French -al, from Latin -ālis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to; adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form)"
],
"id": "en--al-nrm-suffix-t3XdrvkY",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "-all"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -all",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-alaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-alaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -all in adjectives like þagall and gamall, from Proto-Germanic *-alaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al (neuter -alt, definite singular and plural -ale, comparative -alare, indefinite superlative -alast, definite superlative -alaste)",
"name": "nn-adj-1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blåsal"
},
{
"word": "brekal"
},
{
"word": "frostal"
},
{
"word": "grinal"
},
{
"word": "gråtal"
},
{
"english": "hateful",
"translation": "hateful",
"word": "hatal"
},
{
"word": "heftal"
},
{
"word": "krakal"
},
{
"word": "lidal"
},
{
"word": "vågal"
},
{
"word": "yppal"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "våga (“dare”) + -al → vågal (“daring, risky”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from verbs meaning “doing” or “pertaining to doing” the verb."
],
"id": "en--al-nn-suffix-izjsKqk3",
"related": [
{
"alt": "< atall",
"word": "atal"
},
{
"word": "gamal"
},
{
"word": "kostal"
},
{
"word": "tagal"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-ālis<id:adjectivizing suffix>",
"id": "forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis. Compare the inherited -el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"english": "domestic; household",
"raw_tags": [
"from mesnee"
],
"text": "mesnal",
"translation": "domestic; household",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form adjectives from nouns"
],
"id": "en--al-fro-suffix-SIsSvmC-",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-aľь<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-aľь\nPolish -al",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-aľь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-aľь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-aľь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-aľь",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-aľь\nPolish -al\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-aľь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "alów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "alów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
},
{
"args": {
"genp": "alów",
"nomp": "-alowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nos + -al → nochal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns, usually augmentative in nature"
],
"id": "en--al-pl-suffix-GR1WANVP",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "pt:Agriculture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "-ālem"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese -al, from Latin -ālem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ual",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 22 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "abismo (“abyss”) + -al → abismal (“abyssal; abysmal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "indústria (“factory; industry”) + -al → industrial (“industrial”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to)"
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-xQs7rQYP",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"word": "-ário"
},
{
"word": "-eiro"
},
{
"word": "-ico"
},
{
"word": "-eal"
},
{
"word": "-ial"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 22 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 50 24 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "angélico (“angelic”) + -al → angelical (“angelical”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms synonyms of adjectives containing the suffix -ico"
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-Sgm591bO",
"links": [
[
"-ico",
"-ico#Portuguese"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive) forms synonyms of adjectives containing the suffix -ico"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "pt:Agriculture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "-ālem"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese -al, from Latin -ālem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ual",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "-al m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 16 14 28 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 16 17 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ninho (“nest”) + -al → ninhal (“a bunch of nests”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "edito (“edict”) + -al → edital (“notice board”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a collection X” or “a large quantity of X”"
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-KVSST4D1",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ário"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 9 16 14 28 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 16 17 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 22 32 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "trigo (“wheat”) + -al → trigal (“wheatfield”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sobreiro (“cork oak”) + -al → sobreiral (“an orchard of cork oaks”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pedra (“rock”) + -al → pedregal (“a rocky field”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "colmeia (“beehive”) + -al → colmeal (“a place with many beehives”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cátedra (“clergy”) + -al → catedral (“a large or important church building”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a place where there is plenty of X” or \"field where a plant is cultivated\""
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-5TXQL8P7",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-açal"
},
{
"word": "-egal"
},
{
"word": "-eiro"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "pt:Agriculture",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the first syllable of álcool (“alcohol”) and aldeído (“aldehyde”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "pt:Chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 16 14 28 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 16 17 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the names of alcohols"
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-KxTBh1YL",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"alcohol",
"alcohol#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) forms the names of alcohols"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "pt:Chemistry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 16 14 28 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 10 16 17 29 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the names of aldehydes"
],
"id": "en--al-pt-suffix-D~ASNTM8",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) forms the names of aldehydes"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-alis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -alis",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "French -al",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ale"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ale",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -alis. Compare French -al, Italian -ale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-al m or n (feminine singular -ală, masculine plural -ali, feminine/neuter plural -ale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "săptămână (“week”) + -al → săptămânal (“weekly”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al; of or pertaining to, forms adjectives from nouns."
],
"id": "en--al-ro-suffix-fK4YIeTM",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-aie"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "cultura (“culture”) + -al → cultural (“cultural”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates relation"
],
"id": "en--al-es-suffix-lRzJ7Ax9",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "maíz (“corn”) + -al → maizal (“corn field”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "naranja (“orange”) + -al → naranjal (“orange grove”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "escoria (“scoria”) + -al → escorial (“bed of lava”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a place where something is grown, or where there is plenty of it"
],
"id": "en--al-es-suffix-T~fhPrLI",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"word": "-ero"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al, of or pertaining to; forming an adjective from a noun"
],
"id": "en--al-sv-suffix-AWf-Pbr9",
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"word": "-isk"
},
{
"word": "-lig"
},
{
"word": "-sam"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 26 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(u) after the vowels A / I / O / U",
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -el (u) after the vowels A / I / O / U."
],
"id": "en--al-tr-suffix-WHIEdVb6",
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-aɫ/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "abe",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Abenaki",
"lang_code": "abe",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Abenaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Abenaki lemmas",
"Abenaki suffixes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "pessimen (“currant”) → pessimenal (“currants”)"
},
{
"text": "wôbigen (“it is white”) → wôbigenal (“they are white”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Asturian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"Asturian feminine suffixes",
"Asturian lemmas",
"Asturian noun-forming suffixes",
"Asturian suffixes",
"Asturian terms derived from Latin",
"Asturian terms inherited from Latin",
"Asturian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Asturian/al",
"Rhymes:Asturian/al/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"10": "-ales",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "epicene",
"4": "",
"5": "adjective-forming suffix",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural",
"f4accel-form": "p",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "-al (epicene, adjective-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"pl": "-ales"
},
"expansion": "-al (epicene, adjective-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "ast-adj-mf"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to)"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"epicene",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Asturian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"Asturian feminine suffixes",
"Asturian lemmas",
"Asturian noun-forming suffixes",
"Asturian suffixes",
"Asturian terms derived from Latin",
"Asturian terms inherited from Latin",
"Asturian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Asturian/al",
"Rhymes:Asturian/al/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "noun-forming suffix",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "-ales",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f3accel-form": "p",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-al f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-ales"
},
"expansion": "-al f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "ast-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "peruyu (“wild pear”) + -al → peruyal (“pear tree”)"
},
{
"text": "nuez (“walnut”) + -al → nozal (“walnut tree”)"
},
{
"text": "ablana (“chestnut”) + -al → ablanal (“chestnut tree”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tree (forms names of trees)"
],
"links": [
[
"tree",
"tree#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈal]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-als",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mf"
},
"expansion": "-al m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -als)",
"name": "ca-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan adjective-forming suffixes",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan epicene suffixes",
"Catalan feminine suffixes",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan links with redundant target parameters",
"Catalan links with redundant wikilinks",
"Catalan masculine suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes",
"Catalan suffixes with multiple genders",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms inherited from Latin",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "estructura (“structure”) + -al → estructural (“structural”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in adjectives, indicating relation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈal]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Central",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish suffixes",
"Danish terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-adj-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-als",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-noun-infl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-aler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-als",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "suffix",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "da-suffix"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "da-adj-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "-alernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "-alers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "-alens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "-als",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "-alerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "-aler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "-alen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "-al"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gen-pl-def": "-alernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "-alers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "-alets",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "-als",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "-alerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "-aler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "-alet",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "-al"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"word": "-isk"
},
{
"word": "-lig"
},
{
"word": "-som"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-al, of or pertaining to; forming an adjective from a noun"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-el"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"da:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nl:Functional group suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑl/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl--al.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/Nl--al.ogg/Nl--al.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Nl--al.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oxo-"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjective-forming suffixes",
"English back-formations",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "arousal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "arrival"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "bestowal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "betrothal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "denial"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "disposal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "proposal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "rental"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "rival"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "reversal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "removal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "subdual"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "submittal"
},
{
"sense": "forming nouns, especially of verbal action",
"word": "transmittal"
},
{
"word": "-ical"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:-al<id:adjectival suffix>",
"id": "adjectival suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Middle English -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ar",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of -ar",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English -al, from the Latin adjective suffix -ālis, or French, Middle French and Old French -el, -al. Distant doublet of -ar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ual",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-arial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-an"
},
{
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"word": "-ate"
},
{
"word": "-ese"
},
{
"word": "-esque"
},
{
"word": "-ian"
},
{
"word": "-id"
},
{
"word": "-ing"
},
{
"word": "-ish"
},
{
"word": "-like"
},
{
"word": "-oid"
},
{
"word": "-ory"
},
{
"word": "-ous"
},
{
"word": "-ship"
},
{
"alt": "-ion, -sion",
"word": "-tion"
},
{
"word": "-ure"
},
{
"word": "-y"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "base + -al → basal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cranium + -al → cranial",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "spine + -al → spinal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of or pertaining to. Adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to produce an adjective form. Often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "propose + -al → proposal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "deny + -al → denial",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "bestow + -al → bestowal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns, especially of verbal action."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əl/"
},
{
"ipa": "[l̩]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɫ̩]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--al.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--al.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--al.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--al.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--al.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"English back-formations",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English noun-forming suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "aldehyde"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from aldehyde",
"name": "back-form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from aldehyde.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Organic chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms the names of aldehydes."
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) Forms the names of aldehydes."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/æl/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "aldehyde",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "for another reason",
"translation": "for another reason",
"word": "alial"
},
{
"english": "for every reason",
"translation": "for every reason",
"word": "ĉial"
},
{
"english": "for any/some reason",
"translation": "for any/some reason",
"word": "ial"
},
{
"english": "for what reason, why",
"translation": "for what reason, why",
"word": "kial"
},
{
"english": "for no reason",
"translation": "for no reason",
"word": "nenial"
},
{
"english": "for that reason, therefore",
"translation": "for that reason, therefore",
"word": "tial"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Esperanto correlatives",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto suffixes",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/al",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/al/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"for … reason (ending for correlatives of reason)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-al/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"learned borrowing",
"learned"
],
"word": "-sal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-al",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French -al",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-el"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -el",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French -al, from Old French -al, borrowed from Latin -ālis. Doublet of -el, which is inherited. The masculine plural in -x comes from the letter's usage as a ligature to abbreviate -us.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "-aux",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ale, masculine plural -aux, feminine plural -ales)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French doublets",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French suffixes",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"-al; appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form; often added to words of Latin origin, but used with other words also"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00--al.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00--al.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German adjective-forming suffixes",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German suffixes",
"German terms borrowed from Latin",
"German terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"pertaining to, using; adjectival suffix appended to nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[aːl]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q188 (deu)-Frank C. Müller--al.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav/LL-Q188_%28deu%29-Frank_C._M%C3%BCller--al.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "De--al.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/De--al.ogg/De--al.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/De--al.ogg"
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],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Hungarian lemmas",
"Hungarian noun-forming suffixes",
"Hungarian suffixes",
"Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hungarian verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "-a-",
"3": "-l",
"nocat": "y",
"pos1": "linking vowel",
"pos2": "verb-forming suffix"
},
"expansion": "-a- (linking vowel) + -l (verb-forming suffix)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From -a- (linking vowel) + -l (verb-forming suffix).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "verb-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "szárny (“a wing”) + -al → szárnyal (“to soar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a noun to form a verb."
],
"links": [
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "verb-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "von (“to pull”) + -al → vonal (“line”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Added to a verb to form a noun. No longer productive in this role."
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"noun",
"noun#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "noun-forming suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun. No longer productive in this role."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Hungarian terms with usage examples",
"hu:Organic chemistry"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
5,
7
]
],
"english": "ethanal",
"text": "etanal",
"translation": "ethanal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al (forms the names of aldehydes)"
],
"links": [
[
"organic chemistry",
"organic chemistry"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(organic chemistry) -al (forms the names of aldehydes)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"organic-chemistry",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɒl]"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"K'iche' entries with incorrect language header",
"K'iche' lemmas",
"K'iche' suffixes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "quc",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "K'iche'",
"lang_code": "quc",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "tew (“cold”) + -al → tewal (“coldness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "k’ak’ (“new”) + -al → k’ak’al (“youngster”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adjectives"
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "mujaj (“to shade”) + -al → mujaj (“shadow”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "q’ebaj (“to go across”) + -al → q’ebal (“large earthen jar”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from -aj verb suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"-aj",
"-aj#K'iche'"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nojim (“slowly”) + -al → nojimal (“slowness”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "nabe (“firstly”) + -al → nabeal (“firstborn”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from adverbs"
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
],
[
"adverbs",
"adverb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "k’o’x (“gourd cup”) + -al → k’o’xal (“shell of a dead animal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "süb (“tamalito of corn”) + -al → sübal (“pot for making tamales”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms nouns from nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"noun#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/aːl/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nominative"
},
"expansion": "nominative",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "neuter"
},
"expansion": "neuter",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "singular"
},
"expansion": "singular",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From the recurrent substantivation of apocopated adjectives in -āle, the nominative neuter singular ending of -ālis. Compare the nominal suffixes -ārium, -ium and -cum (among others), all derived from the neuter stem of adjective-forming suffixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ālis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālium",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ālia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-āre",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-al<3>"
},
"expansion": "-al n (genitive -ālis); third declension",
"name": "la-suffix-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-al<3.N>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter suffixes",
"Latin neuter suffixes in the third declension",
"Latin noun-forming suffixes",
"Latin suffixes",
"Latin third declension suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"noun-forming suffix"
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xlp",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Lepontic",
"lang_code": "xlp",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "-𐌀𐌋"
}
],
"categories": [
"Lepontic entries with incorrect language header",
"Lepontic lemmas",
"Lepontic suffixes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of -𐌀𐌋"
],
"links": [
[
"-𐌀𐌋",
"-𐌀𐌋#Lepontic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"morpheme",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "nl",
"3": "-aal"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch -aal",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "en",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "English -al",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch -aal and English -al.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ـل",
"tags": [
"Jawi"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"j": "ـل"
},
"expansion": "-al (Jawi spelling ـل)",
"name": "ms-suffix"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Malay entries with incorrect language header",
"Malay lemmas",
"Malay suffixes",
"Malay terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Malay terms borrowed from English",
"Malay terms derived from Dutch",
"Malay terms derived from English",
"Malay terms with usage examples",
"Malay unproductive suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
12
]
],
"english": "conventional",
"text": "konvensional",
"translation": "conventional",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[-əl]",
"note": "English-based"
},
{
"ipa": "[-al]",
"tags": [
"Baku"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Manx adjective-forming suffixes",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx feminine suffixes",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx noun-forming suffixes",
"Manx suffixes",
"Manx terms derived from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "Extracted from goaill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "noun-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "-al f",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form verbal nouns"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Manx adjective-forming suffixes",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx suffixes",
"Manx terms derived from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Manx verb-forming suffixes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Extracted from goaill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "verb-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "v"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "yiarn (“iron”) + -al → yiarnal (“to iron”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "post (“post”) + -al → postal (“to post”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used productively to form denominative verbs and their associated verbal nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Manx adjective-forming suffixes",
"Manx entries with incorrect language header",
"Manx lemmas",
"Manx suffixes",
"Manx terms derived from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms derived from Old Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Middle Irish",
"Manx terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "mga",
"3": "-amail"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish -amail",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "-úil"
},
"expansion": "Irish -úil",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "-ail"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic -ail",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-amail"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -amail",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Irish -amail (compare Irish -úil, Scottish Gaelic -ail, -eil), from Old Irish -amail.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ail",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
"cat3": "",
"g": "",
"g2": ""
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "a"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "gv-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ee"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An adjectival suffix applied to various words, usually nouns, to make an adjective."
],
"links": [
[
"adjectival",
"adjective#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "-al"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fro:-al<id:forming adjectives>",
"4": "fro:-el<id:adjective>",
"5": "la:-ālis<id:adjectivizing suffix>",
"id": "adjectival suffix"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French -al",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French -al, -el and its source Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ele",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ell",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-elle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English suffixes",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Latin",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from Latin and Romance vocabulary."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly not productive) Forms adjectives from Latin and Romance vocabulary."
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/-ˈal/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-al/",
"note": "from Old French -al and Latin -ālis"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛːl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ˈɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/-ɛl/",
"note": "from Old French -el"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "umu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Munsee",
"lang_code": "umu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Munsee entries with incorrect language header",
"Munsee lemmas",
"Munsee suffixes",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "síipuw (“river”) → siipúwal (“rivers”)"
},
{
"text": "máxkeew (“it is red”) → maxkéewal (“they are red”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A suffix used to form the plurals of inanimate words."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "fro",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old French -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French -al, from Latin -ālis.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrm",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norman entries with incorrect language header",
"Norman lemmas",
"Norman suffixes",
"Norman terms derived from Latin",
"Norman terms derived from Old French",
"Norman terms inherited from Old French",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to; adjectival suffix appended to various words, often nouns, to make an adjective form)"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "blåsal"
},
{
"word": "brekal"
},
{
"word": "frostal"
},
{
"word": "grinal"
},
{
"word": "gråtal"
},
{
"english": "hateful",
"translation": "hateful",
"word": "hatal"
},
{
"word": "heftal"
},
{
"word": "krakal"
},
{
"word": "lidal"
},
{
"word": "vågal"
},
{
"word": "yppal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "-all"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse -all",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*-alaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-alaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse -all in adjectives like þagall and gamall, from Proto-Germanic *-alaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-alt",
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alare",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alast",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alaste",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "-all",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al (neuter -alt, definite singular and plural -ale, comparative -alare, indefinite superlative -alast, definite superlative -alaste)",
"name": "nn-adj-1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"alt": "< atall",
"word": "atal"
},
{
"word": "gamal"
},
{
"word": "kostal"
},
{
"word": "tagal"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk adjectives",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk links with redundant target parameters",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "våga (“dare”) + -al → vågal (“daring, risky”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms adjectives from verbs meaning “doing” or “pertaining to doing” the verb."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"lang": "Middle French",
"lang_code": "frm",
"word": "-al"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:-ālis<id:adjectivizing suffix>",
"id": "forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -ālis. Compare the inherited -el.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-el",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French suffixes",
"Old French terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"english": "domestic; household",
"raw_tags": [
"from mesnee"
],
"text": "mesnal",
"translation": "domestic; household",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix used to form adjectives from nouns"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*-aľь<id:nominal>",
"id": "nominal",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-aľь\nPolish -al",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-aľь",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-aľь",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*-aľь"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-aľь",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *-aľь\nPolish -al\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *-aľь.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "alów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "alów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-alowie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"-al"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"",
"al"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
},
{
"args": {
"genp": "alów",
"nomp": "-alowie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine suffixes",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/al",
"Rhymes:Polish/al/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nos + -al → nochal",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms masculine nouns, usually augmentative in nature"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-al"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjective-forming suffixes",
"Portuguese countable suffixes",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese epicene suffixes",
"Portuguese feminine suffixes",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"Portuguese masculine suffixes",
"Portuguese noun-forming suffixes",
"Portuguese suffixes",
"Portuguese suffixes with multiple genders",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
"Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/1 syllable",
"pt:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "-ālem"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese -al, from Latin -ālem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ual",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "abismo (“abyss”) + -al → abismal (“abyssal; abysmal”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "indústria (“factory; industry”) + -al → industrial (“industrial”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al (of or pertaining to)"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"word": "-ário"
},
{
"word": "-eiro"
},
{
"word": "-ico"
},
{
"word": "-eal"
},
{
"word": "-ial"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "angélico (“angelic”) + -al → angelical (“angelical”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms synonyms of adjectives containing the suffix -ico"
],
"links": [
[
"-ico",
"-ico#Portuguese"
]
],
"qualifier": "rarely productive",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rarely productive) forms synonyms of adjectives containing the suffix -ico"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjective-forming suffixes",
"Portuguese countable suffixes",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese epicene suffixes",
"Portuguese feminine suffixes",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"Portuguese masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"Portuguese masculine suffixes",
"Portuguese noun-forming suffixes",
"Portuguese suffixes",
"Portuguese suffixes with multiple genders",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
"Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/1 syllable",
"pt:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "-al"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese -al",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "-ālem"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālem",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese -al, from Latin -ālem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ar",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-eal",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ial",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ual",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense"
},
"expansion": "-al m or f by sense (noun-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ninho (“nest”) + -al → ninhal (“a bunch of nests”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "edito (“edict”) + -al → edital (“notice board”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a collection X” or “a large quantity of X”"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ário"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "trigo (“wheat”) + -al → trigal (“wheatfield”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "sobreiro (“cork oak”) + -al → sobreiral (“an orchard of cork oaks”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "pedra (“rock”) + -al → pedregal (“a rocky field”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "colmeia (“beehive”) + -al → colmeal (“a place with many beehives”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "cátedra (“clergy”) + -al → catedral (“a large or important church building”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to noun X, forms nouns meaning “a place where there is plenty of X” or \"field where a plant is cultivated\""
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-açal"
},
{
"word": "-egal"
},
{
"word": "-eiro"
}
],
"tags": [
"by-personal-gender",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 1-syllable words",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable suffixes",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese links with redundant target parameters",
"Portuguese masculine suffixes",
"Portuguese noun-forming suffixes",
"Portuguese suffixes",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/al/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/aw/1 syllable",
"pt:Agriculture"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "From the first syllable of álcool (“alcohol”) and aldeído (“aldehyde”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ais",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ais)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"-al"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pt:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"forms the names of alcohols"
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"alcohol",
"alcohol#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) forms the names of alcohols"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pt:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"forms the names of aldehydes"
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"aldehyde",
"aldehyde#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) forms the names of aldehydes"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈaw/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaʊ̯]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈal/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈaɫ]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈa.li/",
"tags": [
"Portugal",
"Southern"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "(Portugal) -al"
},
{
"rhymes": "(Brazil) -aw"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "la",
"3": "-alis"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin -alis",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "-al"
},
"expansion": "French -al",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "-ale"
},
"expansion": "Italian -ale",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin -alis. Compare French -al, Italian -ale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ală",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-decl-adj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-al",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ală",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ali",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alii",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alei",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-alilor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-alelor",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"feminine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"suff": "1"
},
"expansion": "-al m or n (feminine singular -ală, masculine plural -ali, feminine/neuter plural -ale)",
"name": "ro-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "ro-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-aie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian adjective-forming suffixes",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian masculine suffixes",
"Romanian neuter suffixes",
"Romanian suffixes",
"Romanian suffixes with multiple genders",
"Romanian terms borrowed from Latin",
"Romanian terms derived from Latin"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "săptămână (“week”) + -al → săptămânal (“weekly”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-al; of or pertaining to, forms adjectives from nouns."
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/al/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene suffixes",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-al m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -ales)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "cultura (“culture”) + -al → cultural (“cultural”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates relation"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish adjective-forming suffixes",
"Spanish countable suffixes",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish epicene suffixes",
"Spanish feminine suffixes",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine suffixes",
"Spanish noun-forming suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes",
"Spanish suffixes with multiple genders",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms inherited from Latin"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "-ālis"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin -ālis",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin -ālis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ales",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "-al m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ales)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ar"
},
{
"word": "-ero"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "maíz (“corn”) + -al → maizal (“corn field”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "naranja (“orange”) + -al → naranjal (“orange grove”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "escoria (“scoria”) + -al → escorial (“bed of lava”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"indicates a place where something is grown, or where there is plenty of it"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ell"
},
{
"word": "-ig"
},
{
"word": "-isk"
},
{
"word": "-lig"
},
{
"word": "-sam"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"-al, of or pertaining to; forming an adjective from a noun"
],
"links": [
[
"-al",
"-al#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suffix form"
},
"expansion": "-al",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 26 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish non-lemma forms",
"Turkish suffix forms",
"Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(u) after the vowels A / I / O / U",
"word": "-el"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Form of -el (u) after the vowels A / I / O / U."
],
"links": [
[
"-el",
"-el#Turkish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈ-aɫ/"
}
],
"word": "-al"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -al meaning in All languages combined (62.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Asturian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Asturian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Catalan",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'indefinite common singular'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Danish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'indefinite neuter singular'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Danish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'definite attributive'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Danish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Portuguese",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-al"
],
"section": "Spanish",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-al",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.